Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Practice Test

What happens if a patient has preeclampsia?

1. Experiences rapid weight loss

2. Develops a skin rash

3. Has extremely low blood pressure

4. Has hypertensive symptoms, extremely high blood pressure, and swelling in extremities

The correct answer is: Has hypertensive symptoms, extremely high blood pressure, and swelling in extremities

In cases of preeclampsia, the patient exhibits hypertensive symptoms characterized by extremely high blood pressure. Preeclampsia typically occurs during pregnancy and is defined by the onset of hypertension and usually proteinuria (the presence of excess protein in the urine). Alongside elevated blood pressure, swelling in the extremities—often in the hands, feet, and face—can occur as a result of fluid retention due to increased vascular permeability. This combination of symptoms can indicate that the patient's cardiovascular system is under distress, posing significant risks for both the mother and fetus if not adequately monitored and managed. Recognizing these symptoms is crucial for timely intervention to prevent complications such as eclampsia or other severe health issues.